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数据驱动型研究方法在矿物学领域里的新发现——矿物数据资源、数据分析和可视化的最新研究进展 Review
Robert M. Hazen, Robert T. Downs, Ahmed Eleish, Peter Fox, Olivier C. Gagné, Joshua J. Golden, Edward S. Grew, Daniel R. Hummer, Grethe Hystad, Sergey V. Krivovichev, Congrui Li, Chao Liu, Xiaogang Ma, Shaunna M. Morrison, Feifei Pan, Alexander J. Pires, Anirudh Prabhu, Jolyon Ralph, Simone E. Runyon, Hao Zhong
《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第3期 页码 397-405 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.03.006
随着矿物种类多样性、矿物（时空）分布特征和矿物性质等领域海量数据的快速增长，矿物学迎来了数据驱动型研究发现的新纪元。当前，最全面的国际性矿物数据库是IMA 数据库和mindat.org 数据库，其中，IMA 数据库包含了超过5300 种被国际矿物学协会（International Mineralogical Association，IMA）批准认可的矿物及其属性信息。此外，mindat.org 数据库包含了超过100 万种矿物种类及其产地信息，这些矿物来自于世界各地，有登记在册的产地来源就超过了30 万个。新型数据驱动型分析策略包括矿物演化分析、矿物生态学分析和矿物网络分析，这些分析策略能够系统性地综合考虑矿物的时空分布特征及其多样性。
矿物浮选吸附平衡模型构建与应用：精准解析矿物 表面离子 / 药剂特征吸附
高雅,付心壮,韩海生,王丽,岳彤,孙伟
《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第6期 页码 248-258 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.020
矿物浮选吸附平衡模型是准确描述矿物浮选过程中所涉及的矿物表面离子 / 药剂吸附平衡的数学模型，首次实现了矿物表面位点与浮选药剂吸附作用亲和性的量化解析本文详细论述了矿物浮选吸附平衡模型的构建原理，以赤铁矿 ‒ 石英和一水硬铝石 ‒ 高岭石两个浮选体系为例，通过对少量实验数据的拟合计算，解析出矿物表面活性位点密度Ns、加 / 去质子反应常数Kt1/Kt2、药剂吸附常数Kf等矿物浮选特征常数。将解析的矿物浮选特征常数代入到平衡模型中，预测出各条件下矿物表面电性、离子及浮选药剂的吸附量，通过零电点、实验及测试等方法验证了可靠性，形成了矿物浮选过程预测系统的内核算法。该算法对各条件下每种矿物药剂吸附的初步准确预测，可在一定程度上反映其可浮性趋势，有助于缩短浮选工艺开发周期，对矿物表面药剂吸附机理研究、浮选药剂分子设计、浮选工艺流程优化及智能控制等具有重要意义。
何发钰,孙传尧,宋磊
《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第8期 页码 92-102
论述了国内外关于磨矿环境对硫化矿物表面形态与性质、矿浆化学性质及其浮选行为的影响。在硫化矿物的磨矿－浮选体系中，磨矿过程是一个复杂的物理、化学和物理化学过程，存在着力学、电化学和机械力化学等多种作用因素，共同影响着硫化矿物的表面形态与性质、矿浆的溶液化学性质和硫化矿物的浮选行为。通过改变磨矿介质和在磨机中添加药剂等多种方式调控磨矿环境，可使硫化矿物的浮选分离得到改善。
基于矿物异常分析的隧道内不良地质识别方法及案例分析 Article
许振浩, 余腾飞, 林鹏, 李术才
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第27卷 第8期 页码 150-160 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.09.013
王淀佐,姚国成
《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第4期 页码 9-13
介绍了中国古代的矿物加工技术，包括早期的石器和陶瓦制作，中国先民使用矿物制作器件，古代铁矿的矿冶加工利用，古代的湿法提铜，古代重选淘洗技术的使用和记述，古代的浮选技术，古代铜、铁矿冶生产规模等；也简要阐述了近现代中国选矿工业的兴起与科技发展，总结归纳了现代矿物加工科学技术的创新成就。
关键词： 中国古代的矿物加工技术 传承与发展
高治双,赵年全,赵常煜,胡明文,苟云龙
《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第1期 页码 26-31
以京沪高速铁路为工程背景，试验研究了矿物掺合料（粉煤灰、粉煤灰-矿粉）对混凝土工作性能、力学性能和耐久性能的影响以及大掺量矿物掺合料高性能混凝土的配制技术结合实际工程，介绍了大掺量矿物掺合料高性能混凝土原材料选择、配合比设计、施工工艺等方面的控制技术。
关键词： 矿物掺合料 大掺量矿物掺合料高性能混凝土 配制与施工 质量控制
冯乃谦,牛全林,封孝信
《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第2期 页码 69-73
研究了不同水胶比、不同矿物质粉体掺量的砂浆和混凝土，经标准养护至56天、90天时的导电量。在相同水胶比和相同矿物质粉体掺量下，混凝土的导电量远低于砂浆的导电量。含矿物质粉体的砂浆及混凝土的导电量均低于基准砂浆及混凝土的导电量。导电量随水胶比的降低而降低，也随龄期的增长而降低。
工业废料与天然矿物矿化利用二氧化碳的基础科学与工程应用研究 Article
谢和平, 岳海荣, 朱家骅, 梁斌, 李春, 王昱飞, 谢凌志, 周向葛
《工程（英文）》 2015年 第1卷 第1期 页码 150-157 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015017
代谢组扩展生物学的“旁中心法则”——对理解基因组学-糖组学-代谢组学-表观基因组学互作的意义
Albert Stuart Reece
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第26卷 第7期 页码 16-16 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.011
The central dogma of biology holds that the transcription of DNA into RNA and the translation of RNA into proteins forms the primary axis of biological activity [1]. Following major advances in the description of the complex glycan and lipid chains that are added onto these basic building blocks, the glycome and lipidome have recently been added to this doctrine as an exciting new extension named the ‘‘paracentral dogma” [2]. However, it has been pointed out that biological systems can include many layers, which are described in modern omics technology platforms relating to both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic layers of control, including metabolomic, microbiomic, immunological, epigenomic, epitranscriptomic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic layers [3].
It is well known that stem and progenitor cells have a metabolism that is based on glycolysis and glutaminolysis [4]. Although this provides less energy to the cell than oxidative phosphorylation, it suffices for these cells’ needs, since such cells are generally relatively quiescent and normally suppress energy-intensive processes such as genome duplication and transcription. Moreover, it has been shown that the high intracellular lactate levels involved in such states not only inhibits the key gatekeeper enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation (i.e., pyruvate dehydrogenase and carnitine palmitoyl acyltransferase) but also actually covalently modifies them by lactylation in order to maintain this inhibited metabolic–epigenomic state [5]. In addition, intermediate metabolism and nutrients are the source of the very extensive library of post-translational modifications to DNA, RNA, and proteins, as well as supplying cellular energy for many of the required reactions. Hence, the metabolic state locks in and reinforces the epigenomic state, and the metabolome and epigenome thereby play mutually reinforcing roles. This self-reinforcing coordination explains why it is so difficult to generate induced pluripotent cells and is a contributory explanation for why the described protocols typically have such low cellular yields.
These concepts become even more important when it is considered that cancer cells are de-differentiated, similarly rely on glycolysis and glutaminolysis, and are similarly metabolically–epigenomically–genomically synchronized. The disruption of this metabolic system is a key focus of mechanistic cancer research.
These important considerations imply that the descriptive and predictive power of the newly described ‘‘paracentral dogma” of biology may be usefully and meaningfully extended by including the metabolome, along with the genome, transcriptome, proteome, glycome, and lipidome, to describe cell-intrinsic regulation—not only in terms of another omics analytical layer but also as a fully predictive and interactive partner in the symphonic-like multilayer coordination that evidently comprises cellular regulatory layering.
新孢子虫病——分子流行病学及发病机制综述 Review
Asis Khan, Jahangheer S. Shaik, Patricia Sikorski, Jitender P. Dubey, Michael E. Grigg
《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第1期 页码 10-19 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.02.010
李洪桂,李运姣,孙培梅,刘茂盛
《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第3期 页码 59-61
从理论上较全面地研究了钨矿物原料在NaOH分解过程中直接用白钨矿及其分解产物Ca(OH)2作为抑制剂，抑制磷、砷、硅等杂质浸出的可能性及生成物的形态。
工业5.0——仿生学和合成生物学的关联及内涵 Artical
Peter Sachsenmeier
《工程（英文）》 2016年 第2卷 第2期 页码 225-229 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.02.015
仿生学(模仿生物特殊本领的学科) 以及合成生物学，将和过去50年的硅芯片一样与工程开发、工业发展产生紧密联系。化学工业已经将白色生物技术应用于新工艺、新材料和资源的可持续利用中。合成生物学也已经应用到第二代生物燃料的发展中，并利用特制的微生物或生物制催化剂获取太阳能。而仿生学在制药、处理工程以及DNA存储领域的市场潜力是巨大的。这些研究将给生物学带来新思考。生物工程将和今天的数字化技术一样驱动创新。本文讨论了生物工程，特别是碳基生物燃料的应用和细胞饰变的技术与风险。大数据、分析学和海量存储将是未来的发展方向。虽然合成生物学在未来50年将和当今的数字化一样普遍且具有革新能力，但是目前它的应用和影响力还处在初级阶段。本文采用了将生物工程发展分为五个阶段(DNA分析、生物回路、最小基因组、原始细胞、异源生物学)的普遍分类方法，阐述了其对安全与保障、工业发展以及生物工程和生物技术作为跨学科领域发展的影响，同时讨论了伦理问题及公众对仿生学和合成生物学结果的公众讨论的重要性
关键词： 仿生学 合成生物学 生物工程 生物传感器 生物燃料 生物武器 虚拟进化 原始细胞 异种细胞 经济意义 工业5.0 德国 中国
人类蛋白质N-糖基化的十二年全基因组关联研究 Review
Anna Timoshchuk, Sodbo Sharapov, Yurii S. Aulchenko
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第26卷 第7期 页码 17-31 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.013
Most human-secreted and membrane-bound proteins have covalently attached oligosaccharide chains, or glycans. Glycosylation influences the physical and chemical properties of proteins, as well as their biological functions. Unsurprisingly, alterations in protein glycosylation have been implicated in a growing number of human diseases, and glycans are increasingly being considered as potential therapeutic targets, an essential part of therapeutics, and biomarkers. Although glycosylation pathways are biochemically well-studied, little is known about the networks of genes that guide the cell- and tissue-specific regulation of these biochemical reactions in humans in vivo. The lack of a detailed understanding of the mechanisms regulating glycome variation and linking the glycome to human health and disease is slowing progress in clinical applications of human glycobiology. Two of the tools that can provide much sought-after knowledge of human in vivo glycobiology are human genetics and genomics, which offer a powerful data-driven agnostic approach for dissecting the biology of complex traits. This review summarizes the current state of human populational glycogenomics. In Section 1, we provide a brief overview of the N-glycan's structural organization, and in Section 2, we give a description of the major blood plasma glycoproteins. Next, in Section 3, we summarize, systemize, and generalize the results from current N-glycosylation genome-wide association studies (GWASs) that provide novel knowledge of the genetic regulation of the populational variation of glycosylation. Until now, such studies have been limited to an analysis of the human blood plasma N-glycome and the N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G and transferrin. While these three glycomes make up a rather limited set compared with the enormous multitude of glycomes of different tissues and glycoproteins, the study of these three does allow for powerful analysis and generalization. Finally, in Section 4, we turn to genes in the established loci, paying particular attention to genes with strong support in Section 5. At the end of the review, in Sections 6 and 7, we describe special cases of interest in light of new discoveries, focusing on possible mechanisms of action and biological targets of genetic variation that have been implicated in human protein N-glycosylation.
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
数据驱动型研究方法在矿物学领域里的新发现——矿物数据资源、数据分析和可视化的最新研究进展
Robert M. Hazen, Robert T. Downs, Ahmed Eleish, Peter Fox, Olivier C. Gagné, Joshua J. Golden, Edward S. Grew, Daniel R. Hummer, Grethe Hystad, Sergey V. Krivovichev, Congrui Li, Chao Liu, Xiaogang Ma, Shaunna M. Morrison, Feifei Pan, Alexander J. Pires, Anirudh Prabhu, Jolyon Ralph, Simone E. Runyon, Hao Zhong
期刊论文
新孢子虫病——分子流行病学及发病机制综述
Asis Khan, Jahangheer S. Shaik, Patricia Sikorski, Jitender P. Dubey, Michael E. Grigg
期刊论文
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